Month: March 2024

The decade that witnessed an end to armed violence in North East India

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The North Eastern region of India, encompassing eight culturally diverse states, emerged from a period of violent insurgency in the early 2000s. The “Raksha Shakti” initiative (1995-2005) played a pivotal role in bringing about a significant decline in armed violence. However, the embers of discontent still simmered beneath the surface. The decade between 2014 and 2024, aptly termed “Raksha Shakti II,” witnessed a renewed focus on consolidating peace, fostering development, and addressing lingering socio-political issues. This article delves into the strategies employed during this period, analyzing how they built upon the foundation laid by the original Raksha Shakti initiative.

Evolving Security Landscape:

While the first decade of Raksha Shakti achieved a significant decline in violence, new challenges emerged in the 2010s. The rise of transnational militant groups and the increasing influence of cyber activities necessitated a nuanced approach to security. Raksha Shakti II adapted to this evolving landscape through the following measures:

⦁ Intelligence-Based Operations: A renewed emphasis was placed on robust intelligence gathering and real-time information sharing between various security agencies. This proactive approach enabled the dismantling of militant networks and the thwarting of potential attacks.
⦁ Countering Radicalization: Recognizing the threat of online radicalization, the government invested in counter-narrative campaigns. These initiatives aimed to promote tolerance, counter extremist ideologies, and expose the hollowness of violence. Additionally, programs fostering social cohesion and promoting a sense of national identity were implemented to counter separatist narratives.
⦁ Cybersecurity Measures: The growing threat of cyberattacks on critical infrastructure necessitated enhanced cybersecurity measures. This included fortifying digital defenses, capacity building for cybercrime investigation, and fostering international cooperation to counter cyber threats.

Focus on Development and Integration
Raksha Shakti II acknowledged that lasting peace could only be achieved through inclusive development and a sense of belonging. Key strategies included:

⦁ Targeted Development Programs: Building upon the success of the previous decade, the government launched targeted development programs focused on the most marginalized communities. These programs addressed issues of poverty, lack of infrastructure, and limited access to education and healthcare. Skill development initiatives focused on creating employment opportunities for the youth, thereby addressing a key driver of discontent.
⦁ Improved Infrastructure: Significant investments were made in infrastructure development projects, including roads, bridges, and communication networks. This not only improved connectivity within the region but also facilitated the movement of goods and services, boosting economic activity.
⦁ Promoting Tourism and Trade: Recognizing the region’s rich cultural heritage and stunning natural beauty, the government actively promoted tourism. This not only generated revenue but also fostered cultural exchange and created new employment avenues. Additionally, initiatives were undertaken to promote regional trade and economic integration with neighboring countries.
⦁ Empowering Local Governments: Further decentralization efforts empowered local governments to address local issues more effectively. This fostered a sense of ownership and participation among communities, leading to a more responsive and inclusive governance structure.
Addressing Ethnic Concerns
A crucial aspect of Raksha Shakti II was the continued focus on addressing ethnic concerns. This included:
⦁ Cultural Preservation: Continued support was provided for programs that celebrated the diverse cultural heritage of the North East. This fostered a sense of pride in local traditions and promoted inter-ethnic understanding.
⦁ Addressing Historical Grievances: The government acknowledged past injustices and initiated dialogues with various ethnic groups to address their historical grievances. This fostered a sense of reconciliation and helped heal the wounds of the past.
⦁ Inclusive Representation: Efforts were made to ensure greater representation of ethnic communities in government institutions and decision-making processes. This fostered a sense of belonging and participation among all sections of society.
The Role of Civil Society and Technology
Civil society organizations continued to play a vital role in Raksha Shakti II. They facilitated dialogues between communities, promoted social harmony, and advocated for the rights of marginalized groups. Additionally, technology played a crucial role in promoting peacebuilding efforts. Social media platforms were effectively utilized to spread messages of peace, tolerance, and unity. Furthermore, technology facilitated communication and collaboration between various stakeholders, fostering a more inclusive approach to peacebuilding.

Challenges and the Road Ahead
While Raksha Shakti II has ushered in a period of relative peace and stability in the North East, challenges remain. Issues of unemployment, particularly among the youth, and limited economic opportunities in certain pockets require continued attention. Additionally, ensuring equitable distribution of benefits from development projects and addressing lingering inter-ethnic tensions are crucial for sustaining peace.

Conclusion
Raksha Shakti II serves as a testament to the ongoing efforts to consolidate peace and achieve lasting stability in the North Eastern region. By building upon the foundation laid by the first decade of the initiative and adapting to the evolving security landscape, the focus has shifted towards long-term development and social integration. The emphasis on inclusive growth, cultural preservation, and addressing historical grievances paves the way for a more prosperous and peaceful future for the region. However, continued vigilance, effective governance, and addressing remaining socio-economic disparities are crucial for ensuring that the hard-won peace becomes permanent. The North Eastern region, with its rich tapestry of cultures and immense potential, stands poised to emerge as a vibrant and integral part of India’s growth story. The success of Raksha Shakti II offers valuable lessons for conflict resolution and peacebuilding efforts not only in India but also for other regions grappling with similar challenges.

Ten Highlights on the India Railways’ transformational leap in the previous decade.

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Railways have always been the backbone of our country in terms of commute and conveyance. With its arms like unfolding tracks in every direction of our country, it was always considered to be the primary pathway for every activity. Amidst the tide of globalization and rapid economic expansion, the nation had undergone comprehensive changes that embraced innovation across all fronts, including its traditional modes of operation which included railways as well. Indian Railways which was initially constructed to just serve foreign interests and bolster a particular regime, has now matured to serve the nation’s own needs, blossoming into an expansive network that stands as a testament to India’s sovereignty and progress.

When one has to talk about the Railway’s transformation it can never be justified as just a point or a destination but can be considered more like a journey. The journey that began with the development of infrastructure and advancement of services, has now expanded its horizons with innovative initiatives built with it. Updation and transformation are mere terms to describe this gigantic modification. On the brink of this journey, India is soon going to be blessed with the arrival of its first-of-a-kind hydrogen-fueled trains under the initiative for Hydrogen for Heritage. This most revolutionary step in this journey towards sustainability is the introduction of hydrogen-powered trains symbolizing a leap forward in sustainable transportation solutions, reflecting Indian Railways’ steadfast commitment to embracing cutting-edge technology for a greener future.

India, with its evolving phases, is now gradually transitioning into the realm of developed nations, a status that was nearly impossible to conceive a few years ago. Progressing at a pace of 130 kilometers per hour, it is swiftly addressing challenges, asserting its presence, and overcoming the hurdles that once impeded its advancement, thereby setting new benchmarks for acknowledgment. When talking about the speed at which everything is changing one cannot ignore the new arrivals of high-speed trains in the country. The launch of semi-high-speed trains brought a new era of rapid transit to the Indian rail network. Followed by the country celebrating the launch of the kind Namo Bharat train and the Amrit Bharat trains, marking significant milestones in the nation’s railway history. And also when one is talking about such fast pace trains no one can miss the idea of Country’s first Bullet Train. ‘Shinkansen’, a word which no Indian would have ever thought about or heard about, will now be a daydream come true for every Indian witnessing the first roll between Gujarat and Maharashtra. Today, the iconic Vande Bharat trains crisscrossed the country, traversing over 41 routes that connect cities with its people like never before. However, the journey of this high-speed transformation took its 6th gear with the major announcement of 500 additional Vande Bharat trains replacing older ones, has not only thrilled the people but has also sparked a surge of electrified enthusiasm, as now they will be served modern technology and better services at such affordable prices. Just not that with a track record of transporting 5.86 billion passengers last fiscal year, Indian railways has also introduced its first solar-powered train which is a unique step in the direction of a sustainable future.

This journey of transformation has resembled more of a rollercoaster ride than a straightforward path to the destination for the government. Marked With major highs of bigger dreams and major lows of rugged obstructions which the previous government didn’t pay much attention to, for any government to start the coping up journey It was more like shooting in the dark side. Embarking on such a journey required a starting point, and in 2014, the state of affairs left behind by the previous government served not merely as a situation but as a warning sign for any government to start upon. After nearly 67 years of independence, the initiative to electrify the railways commenced, and today, in 2024, Indian Railways stands completely electrified, emerging from the shadows that once enveloped it. Another example of such a rugged obstacle in this transformative journey was the scarcity of railway tracks, which posed difficulties in their multifaceted utilization. For instance, when passenger trains were operational, freight trains had to wait, leading to inefficiencies in both time and product handling due to the limited number of tracks available. Recognizing this issue as a priority, the government initiated the development of dedicated freight corridors. These corridors not only facilitated efficient freight transportation but also facilitated the doubling of tracks for their respective purposes.

This serves as a mere glimpse of the transformation underway. Not only have the trains and engines been upgraded, but the current union government has also embarked on the task of revitalizing railway stations. More than 1300 stations are currently undergoing a substantial overhaul as part of the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme, aimed at enhancing passenger experience and updating facilities. Additionally, as a testament to India’s value and the promotion of the ‘Make In India’ and ‘Vocal For Local’ initiatives, each railway station now features shops selling elements reflecting the unique characteristics of respective regions, adding a touch of local charm to the platform commuting people as well as conveyance of aspirations

But the journey doesn’t end here. With a pledge to achieve Net Zero Carbon Emissions by 2030, Indian Railways is doubling down on its efforts to reduce its carbon footprint. Thousands of railway stations are now equipped with solar power units, providing them with a self-sustaining energy source. Extensive electrification projects have revamped numerous tracks, while waste-to-energy initiatives and afforestation drives are underway to create greener railway corridors. Initiatives like transitioning to three-phase electric locomotives with regenerative capabilities and adopting Head-On Generation (HOG) technology represent just a few measures taken toward a more sustainable future. As the wheels of progress continue to turn, Indian Railways remains steadfast in its commitment to connecting the nation, driving innovation, and charting a course towards a cleaner, greener tomorrow.

Ten Industrial Sectors Empowered by PM Modi’s ‘Vocal for Local’ Call

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Introduction:

Atmanirbhar Bharat stands as a visionary pillar in Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s roadmap for economic development and resilience. At its core lies the “Vocal for Local” campaign, a clarion call to prioritize indigenous industries, products, and services. This initiative has catalyzed significant growth and transformation across various sectors, marking India’s stride towards self-sufficiency and economic empowerment through active participation, known as Jan Bhagidaaris, where people engage in choosing Indian products over imports. This essay delves into the transformative impact of the “Vocal for Local” initiative across ten key industries, highlighting how the Modi government’s focus has catalyzed their growth and bolstered India’s journey towards self-sufficiency.

Manufacturing:

Indigenous manufacturing has emerged as a linchpin in India’s quest for self-reliance, epitomized by the “Make in India” campaign. By fostering domestic production, generating employment, and fortifying industrial infrastructure, the government aims to reduce reliance on imports and bolster national security. Strategic emphasis on sectors like defense manufacturing and pharmaceuticals underscores the imperative for indigenous capabilities in critical domains. Moreover, initiatives such as Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes incentivize domestic manufacturing and promote technological innovation.

Agriculture and Food Processing:

Agriculture, the backbone of India’s economy, has witnessed a resurgence under the “Vocal for Local” paradigm. Initiatives promoting locally grown produce, expanding Minimum Support Price (MSP) lists, and fostering food processing have rejuvenated rural livelihoods and enhanced food security. Sustainable farming practices and technological interventions further fortify the resilience of the agricultural sector, aligning with the ethos of Atmanirbhar Bharat. Additionally, the integration of agriculture with allied sectors such as food processing enhances value addition and market competitiveness.

Khadi, Handicrafts, and Village Industries:

The Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) has spearheaded efforts to digitalize and market indigenous Khadi products, empowering local artisans and craftsmen. Concurrently, the promotion of traditional handicrafts, including tribal craftsmanship, has accentuated the allure of locally made goods while providing vital support to artisans. By embracing technology and preserving local craftsmanship, these initiatives have reinvigorated rural economies and nurtured grassroots entrepreneurship. Moreover, the promotion of Khadi aligns with the vision of Swadeshi, emphasizing self-reliance and community empowerment.

MSME Sector:

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) form the bedrock of India’s industrial landscape, driving innovation and employment generation. Through policy interventions, financial incentives, and market access facilitation, the government has empowered local businesses to thrive in a competitive milieu. Strengthening the MSME sector not only augments economic self-reliance but also bolsters India’s global competitiveness. Moreover, initiatives like the Atmanirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojana aim to incentivize job creation and formalization within the MSME ecosystem.

Technology Integration:

Embracing technology and digitalization is pivotal in propelling local products to national prominence. Leveraging e-commerce platforms and digital marketing strategies have augmented the visibility and accessibility of indigenous goods. By fostering a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship, digital infrastructure bolsters India’s digital ecosystem and positions it as a global leader in the digital economy. Additionally, investments in emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the Internet of Things (IoT) further strengthen India’s technological prowess.

Skill Development and Entrepreneurship:

Nurturing local talent and fostering entrepreneurship is integral to the fabric of Atmanirbhar Bharat Initiatives like the PM Vishwakarma Yojana empower artisans, craftsmen, and aspiring entrepreneurs with skills and resources., while StartUp India fosters entrepreneurship, promotes innovation, and supports the growth of startups by providing various incentives, schemes, and facilitative measures. By investing in human capital, the government cultivates a cadre of self-reliant individuals poised to drive India’s economic resurgence.

Infrastructure Development:

Robust infrastructure forms the cornerstone of economic growth and development, particularly in rural hinterlands. By enhancing rural infrastructure and promoting tourism, the government spurs local economic activity and preserves cultural heritage. Investments in connectivity, healthcare, and sanitation bolster grassroots development and lay the foundation for sustainable growth with BharatNet, Ayushman Bharat, and Swachh Bharat. Moreover, infrastructure development initiatives such as the Bharatmala project and the Sagarmala project aim to enhance connectivity and logistics efficiency, facilitating the seamless movement of goods and services.

Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare:

The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the strategic significance of indigenous healthcare infrastructure and pharmaceutical manufacturing capabilities. By supporting traditional medicine and investing in research, the government strengthens India’s healthcare resilience. Indigenous pharmaceutical production not only enhances public health security but also reduces dependence on imports. Additionally, the promotion of telemedicine and digital health solutions enhances healthcare accessibility and affordability, especially in remote areas.

Renewable Energy:

Transitioning towards renewable energy sources is imperative for mitigating climate change and ensuring energy security. The government’s focus on expanding renewable energy capacity underscores its commitment to sustainable development. Investments in solar, wind, and hydropower projects not only bolster energy security but also create employment opportunities and drive economic growth. Moreover, initiatives such as the Solar Park Scheme have seen large-scale success in promoting solar energy adoption and technology transfer.

Education and Skill Development:

Investing in education and skill development is paramount to nurturing a workforce equipped to meet the demands of a rapidly evolving economy. Initiatives promoting indigenous educational institutions with Indian Knowledge Systems, vocational training programs, and digital learning platforms empower youth with relevant skills and knowledge. By fostering a culture of lifelong learning and innovation, the government cultivates a cadre of skilled professionals poised to drive India’s education system. Moreover, initiatives such as the National Education Policy (NEP) focus on holistic development and interdisciplinary learning, preparing students for the challenges of the 21st century.

Conclusion:

The “Vocal for Local” initiative has not only enhanced the competitiveness of Indian products in global markets but also fostered grassroots support and community mobilization. By promoting locally made goods with distinct appeal and value propositions, Indian industries have emerged as competitive players worldwide. The success of this initiative hinges on active participation from citizens, businesses, and civil society organizations, driving collective action toward economic self-reliance. Beyond economic metrics, the initiative has profound social, cultural, and environmental implications. It reaffirms India’s cultural identity and commitment to sustainable development. Through sustained efforts and strategic interventions, India is poised to emerge as a global economic powerhouse.

Raghunath Temple Rejuvenation in Kashmir’s Amrit Kaal

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India is the world’s largest, oldest, and wealthiest civilization. PM Modi has laid the foundations for a glorious Hindu future. As per reports, there are about 1,843 Hindu places of worship in Kashmir.
The Raghunath Temple dedicated to Lord Ram was constructed by Maharaja Gulab Singh 1835, the founder of the kingdom of Jammu and Kashmir. The temple has a historical significance with multiple temples surrounding the main temple and multiple gods and goddesses, all connected with the times of epic Ramayana. This temple is humungous in size and has the rare distinction of being one of the largest temples in Northern India. The horizon of Jammu is often ornamented by the heartwarming sight of the beautiful “shikhars” of this temple.

Being one of the most prominent temples and places of worship, this temple has been a victim of a few terrorist attacks. The first attack occurred in March 2002 wherein, the terrorists killed many worshippers and a suicide bomber also injured many within the temple premises. The second attack took place in November’2002, when two suicide bombers stormed the temple and killed fourteen devotees and injured 45 others.

The temple remained closed for about three decades. No puja was held after the majority of members of the Kashmiri pandit migrated from here to other parts of the country in the early 90s following the eruption of militancy.

Temple rejuvenation in Jammu and Kashmir is one of the projects taken up by the Modi government. Following the abrogation of Article 370 in Jammu and Kashmir in 2019, the Modi Government took up the renovation as a measure to build confidence among the displaced Kashmiri Hindus so that they could return to their homeland. A year after the effective abrogation of Articles 370 and 35A and the administrative reorganization of Jammu and Kashmir, the government has decided to restore the lost glory of the centuries-old heritage shrine- Raghunath Temple situated near Fateh Kadal in the heart of Srinagar city. The Modi administration has brought back the idea of resettling Pandits in Kashmir to win over the Pandits there.

The Smart City Scheme provides funding for the restoration project, which is overseen by the tourist department. By the end of this year, the anticipated Rs 54 lakh worth of restoration work should be finished. The ancient temple will be opened to worshipers shortly following renovations. In addition to the Temple, as part of the Smart City Project, the government has restored an Imambada in Hasanabad, Srinagar, a Gurdwara at HMT Zainakot, and a Church in Drugjan.

Lord Bhairavnath’s birthday was celebrated with a havan and a huge puja, as terror activities had decreased following the abrogation of 370. For the occasion, almost 150 individuals were invited. It was stated that the locals, civil administration, and police gave the havan their whole backing.

Furthermore, given that Prime Minister Narendra Modi is allegedly eager to reopen 50,000 temples in the Kashmir Valley, it is crucial to assess the significance of the area’s cultural capital and how it contributes to the development of a cohesive civilian identity. The decision to restore temples must take into mind the possible dilution of cultural places that express a Kashmiri identity and the potential for it to further alienate the people India wishes to assimilate, especially given the rising alienation of the civilian population in Kashmir.

BJP is all set to make Jammu and Kashmir a hub of religious tourism. The Party has chalked out a plan with the government to carry out restoration work of temples. 31 mega-cultural programs have also been organized by identifying the places of 75 religious and Sufi saints. Moreover, a total of 20 cultural festivals have also been organized here in every district which will help a lot in reviving our old heritage. The Modi government set up a committee in 2019 to conduct an extensive survey of closed schools and temples in the Kashmir valley, to restore and re-open them in due time. The Amrit Kaal attempts to renovate a total of 15 temples and around 123 sites in Jammu and Kashmir and connect it to Bharat’s larger economy.

With the efforts of our Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, the abrogation of 370 was successful which helped in establishing peace in Kashmir and has taken the valley as well as Jammu back to its old traditions and culture. J&K has taken initiatives in all sectors towards social and economic changes.

New India’s Leap in Wildlife Conservation in the Previous Decade

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In the past decade from 2014 to 2024, India has witnessed a remarkable transformation in its wildlife conservation efforts, marking a significant milestone in its journey from endangered to flourishing biodiversity. With a concerted focus on preserving its natural heritage, India has not only reversed the decline of its iconic species but has also seen unprecedented growth in their populations.

Tiger Population Soars:

One of the most notable achievements in India’s wildlife conservation journey has been the remarkable increase in its tiger population. According to a recent report on the Status of Tigers in India, the tiger population has surged by an impressive 42% from 2014 to 2022, reaching a total of 3167 tigers. This surge is a testament to India’s commitment to protecting its national animal and its habitat.

Leopards and Lions Flourish:

India’s conservation efforts extend beyond tigers, with significant strides made in the preservation of leopards and lions as well. The leopard population has witnessed a staggering growth of over 60% from 2014 to 2018, showcasing the effectiveness of conservation measures implemented across the country. Additionally, India remains the sole home to Asiatic lions, whose numbers have also seen a positive trend in recent years.

Expanding Protected Areas:

Under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, India has significantly expanded its network of protected areas. The country now boasts 52 tiger reserves, covering nearly 75% of the world’s wild tiger population. Moreover, the coverage of protected areas has increased from 4.90% to 5.03% since 2014, with the total number of protected areas rising to 981, encompassing an area of 1,71,921 sq km. This expansion underscores India’s commitment to safeguarding its rich biodiversity.

Legal Framework and Enforcement:

India’s wildlife conservation efforts are bolstered by robust legal frameworks such as the Wild Life (Protection) Act, of 1972. The recent amendment to the act in 2022 has further strengthened conservation measures, including the registration of possession, transfer, and birth of scheduled animal species. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change has notified rules for implementing these amendments, ensuring strict enforcement and compliance.

Engagement and Awareness:

In addition to legislative measures, India’s conservation success is also attributed to widespread engagement and awareness initiatives. Millions of people are drawn to the country’s national parks and wildlife sanctuaries each year, not only for their natural beauty but also for the opportunity to witness and learn about its diverse wildlife. This engagement fosters a culture of conservation and encourages active participation in wildlife protection efforts.

Looking Ahead:

As India celebrates its achievements in wildlife conservation over the past decade, it also recognizes the ongoing challenges and the need for continued vigilance. Climate change, habitat loss, poaching, and human-wildlife conflict remain persistent threats to biodiversity. However, with unwavering commitment, innovative strategies, and collective action, India is poised to build on its successes and ensure a future where wildlife thrives alongside human communities.

In conclusion, India’s journey from endangered to flourishing wildlife is a testament to the power of concerted efforts, political will, and public engagement. As the nation marches forward, it carries with it a renewed sense of responsibility to protect and preserve its natural heritage for generations to come.

PRADHAN MANTRI GRAM SADAK YOJANA: EMPOWERING RURAL BHARAT

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A highlight that took center stage in the interim Budget 2024-25, as well as in previous decade budgets, was ₹19,000 crore allocated for the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana. Such is the importance of infrastructure development in merging the connected and unconnected parts of Bharat. With the ambition of connecting rural habitations and empowering rural India, PMGSY stands as a significant initiative that has fostered socio-economic progress and development in rural and rough terrain areas. Launched in 2000 as part of the poverty reduction strategy, PMGSY aims to set high, uniform technical and management standards for sustainable management of the rural roads network, leading to increased agricultural incomes and productive employment opportunities across India.

In the year 2023-24, several works cleared are 188570, new connectivity works are 120205, upgradation words are 68365, completed road works 179384, completed lengths in km is 759689 and in-progress road works are 9186. It has 94.19% of road length completion. Even in Hill States (North-East, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, and Uttarakhand), the Desert Areas (as identified in the Desert Development Programme), the Tribal (Schedule V) areas and Selected Tribal and Backward Districts (as identified by the Ministry of Home Affairs and Planning Commission), the initiative connects the eligible unconnected Habitations with a population of 250 persons and above.

For complete national development, rural areas need to progress at a considerable pace too. Neglect or isolation hinders economic growth, affecting vital services like healthcare and education. Hence, road connectivity is essential for fast-paced development in the nation. Anita Saini, a Secondary School teacher from Baggad, Rajasthan, expressed her joy at a 5 km road connecting her home and school. She said, “When there was no road, there were no options. Women like me had to stay home. This road has provided me with a new sense of freedom and purpose.” Anita belongs to a community of 171,000 people who benefited from the PMGSY program.

The impact of PMGSY is as follows:

⦁ Road connectivity that leads to economic growth – Connectivity between villages, big cities, inter and intra-city routes, and other states facilitates the easy transport of goods and services, trade, and travel for people. Almost 64.5% of goods and commodities are transported via roads, and 90% of India’s passenger traffic relies on roads for travel. Moreover, local markets become easily accessible, allowing farmers to sell their produce with ease. Additionally, local businesses and indigenous products also gain recognition.

⦁ Villages no longer endure isolation – They offer an opportunity for the public to forge connections with larger cities, diverse groups, and communities, thereby fostering the exchange of cross-cultural ideas. In regions afflicted by natural calamities, improved accessibility ensures prompt delivery of emergency services, mitigating heavy losses. Furthermore, the surge in tourism enhances the allure of unexplored areas, infusing them with newfound value and propelling economic growth. As tourism flourishes, the hospitality sector undergoes unprecedented development, enticing even more tourists seeking recreational activities.

⦁ Hospitals, schools, and colleges reap significant benefits – Enhanced road connectivity elevates educational standards in rural areas. Access to superior healthcare and treatments becomes the norm, ultimately improving the overall quality of life. For instance, 86% of people in Kashmir observed improved accessibility to doctors and paramedics at nearby health centers, with 86% crediting the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) for facilitating the smooth flow of vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, 94% noted a substantial improvement in ambulance accessibility following the construction of PMGSY roads. In Palghar district, two settlements, Chipatpada and Radhanagari, experienced a positive impact on educational access due to road construction. As a result, children from these areas began attending school regularly and pursued further studies in nearby towns with daily commutes.

⦁ The agricultural sector’s advancement – Reduced transportation costs and improved access to facilities for procuring manure, seeds, fertilizers, and other technological aids have seamlessly reached these small villages, thereby assisting farmers in enhancing their production. Moreover, farmers now transport their produce directly to the market, obtaining fair prices and eliminating middlemen, thus significantly enhancing the agricultural sector. PMGSY roads have contributed to an 8-percentage point increase in the share of crops transported to markets for sale, tripling over pre-PMGSY levels. Furthermore, farmers selling food grains traveled an additional 8.9 kilometers after the construction of PMGSY roads, suggesting that they were traveling to locations where crop prices were higher. For instance, in Kashmir, approximately 89% of the population believed that the agriculture and horticulture sector witnessed remarkable improvement following the construction of PMGSY roads. Additionally, 92% reported better access to markets due to PMGSY roads. Farmers have also gained improved access to purchasing high-quality seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, while PMGSY roads have also reduced transportation charges.

PMGSY has been a testament to Bharat’s increasing potential. Thus, the path to making Bharat an economic superpower lies in its roads.

Empowering Minds, Enriching Futures: A Decade of Educational Renaissance in Amrit Kaal

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“Koi Mil Gaya, Mera Dil Gaya” – these iconic Bollywood lyrics from the movie “Kuch Kuch Hota Hai” resonate deeply as we embark on a journey through the educational renaissance of Amrit Kaal. Just as this song celebrates the joy of unexpected encounters and new beginnings, so too does the narrative of India’s educational transformation over the past decade. From humble beginnings to soaring heights, the story of Amrit Kaal mirrors the spirit of resilience, growth, and boundless potential that defines our nation’s pursuit of excellence in education.

In the journey towards a brighter future, education stands as the cornerstone of progress. Over the past decade, India has witnessed a remarkable transformation in its educational infrastructure, ushering in an era of innovation, excellence, and inclusivity. From the establishment of premier institutions like AIIMS, IITs, IIMs, to the expansion of universities and skill development initiatives, the nation has embarked on a path towards holistic development. As we reflect on this journey, it becomes evident that the seeds sown in the Amrit Kaal have blossomed into a vibrant ecosystem of learning, poised to shape the destiny of generations to come.

The Era of Educational Renaissance , The vision for an educated and skilled India has been at the forefront of the government’s agenda, as reflected in initiatives like the Skill India Mission and the National Education Policy. Under the able leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the nation has witnessed a paradigm shift in its approach towards education, with a focus on fostering talent, nurturing creativity, and promoting innovation

Holistic Growth with Rise in Higher Education Institutions 3-fold increase in number of Universities/IITs/IIMs in last 9 years The government has taken significant measures to increase gateways to education for the youth by giving a boost to building Universities, IITs, IIMs, and similar institutions across the country. The number of universities in the nation has witnessed a significant rise in the last 9 years, up from 320 in 2014 to 1,113 in 2023. Furthermore, 5,298 colleges have been built in the last 9 years (up from 38,498 in 2014 to 43,796 in 2023), which has led to increased access to education for students across the country. It is noteworthy that 43% universities and 61.4% colleges are located in Rural Areas. Moreover, the government has also expanded the number of IITs and IIMs across the country. With 16 IITs and 13 IIMs built in the last 9 years, the government has ensured enhanced opportunities for students to pursue higher education

Graph As per Press Information Bureau

Overall, the progressive institutional structure has played a vital role in the development of India’s education system. Their focus on high-quality education, research and innovation has helped to position India as a global player in various fields.

The expansion of higher educational institutions, including IITs, IIMs, and universities, has democratized access to quality education across the country. From the hills of Himachal Pradesh to the plains of Tamil Nadu, these institutions have become symbols of excellence and opportunity. The inauguration of permanent campuses and the introduction of new courses reflect the government’s commitment to nurturing talent and fostering intellectual growth.

“Transformative Milestones in India’s Healthcare Infrastructure: A Decade of Progress”

The inauguration of five new AIIMS across different states marks a significant milestone in India’s journey towards universal healthcare. These state-of-the-art institutions, equipped with modern facilities and cutting-edge technology, are poised to revolutionize medical education, research, and patient care. The AIIMS in Rajkot(Gujarat), Bathinda(Punjab), Raebareli(Uttar Pradesh), Kalyani(West Bengal), and Mangalagiri (Andhra Pradesh ) will not only address the healthcare needs of their respective regions but also serve as beacons of hope for millions.PM laid foundation stone of, and dedicated to the nation a total of 202 Health Care Infrastructure Projects worth more than Rs. 11,700 crores across 23 States and UTs.

Highlighting some major milestones achieved during the last 10 years, around 380 medical colleges in 2014, there are over 700 medical colleges today. PG and MBBS seats have more than doubled from 2014 and Jan AushadhiKendras have expanded to more than10,000 units today across the country.

Under Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY) setting up of 22 new AIIMS has been sanctioned. This includes 10 AIIMS sanctioned during 2017-18 or thereafter. Six of the approved AIIMS i.e. Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Jodhpur, Patna, Raipur and Rishikesh are functional. Remaining 16 new AIIMS are in various stages of construction.

State-wise location of these 16 AIIMS, date of their cabinet approval and approved cost is as below..

S .No.State/UTLocation of AIIMS to be set up under PMSSYApproved cost (Rs. crore)Date of Cabinet Approval
1Andhra PradeshMangalagiri16187.10.2015
2AssamGuwahati112324.05.2017
3BiharDarbhanga126415.09.2020
4GujaratRajkot119510.01.2019
5HaryanaRewari129928.02.2019
6Himachal PradeshBilaspur1471.0403.01.2018
7Jammu & KashmirSamba, Jammu166110.01.2019
8Awantipora, Kashmir182810.01.2019
9JharkhandDeoghar110316.05.2018
10MaharashtraNagpur15777.10.2015
11PunjabBathinda92527.07.2016
12Tamil NaduMadurai126417.12.2018
13TelanganaBibinagar102817.12.2018
14Uttar PradeshRae Bareli8235.2.2009(Revised Cost Estimat approved on 10.7.2017)
15Gorakhpur101120.07.2016
16West BengalKalyani17547.10.2015

The Minister of State (Health and Family Welfare), Sh. Ashwini Kumar Choubey stated this in a written reply in the Rajya Sabha on Feb 02,2024

MBBS course has started in 12 AIIMS i.e AIIMS at Mangalagiri, Nagpur, Kalyani, Gorakhpur, Bathinda, Rae Bareli, Deoghar , Bibinagar, Guwahati, Bilaspur, Jammu and Rajkot.

The construction work is in progress for AIIMS, Mangalagiri in Andhra Pradesh. Initially, there was some delay due to non-availability of sand for construction work. There was also some delay in completion of activities to be undertaken by the State Government, which included arrangement of water supply, storm water disposal drain, main approach road to campus and shifting of existing NDRF campus. Covid-19 pandemic also affected the progress of work.

Progress of all the ongoing projects under PMSSY is regularly reviewed with Executing Agencies and other stakeholders with a view to ensure their completion in a time-bound manner.

Dedication of Medical College of Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) at Karaikal, Puducherry and a 300-bedded Satellite Centre of Post Graduate Institute of Medical and Educational Research (PGIMER) in Sangrur, Punjab; a 90-bedded Multi Specialty Consulting Unit of JIPMER at Yanam, Puducherry; a National Centre for Ageing in Chennai; a new Government Medical College in Purnea, Bihar; 2 field units of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) namely, National Institute of Virology (NIV) Kerala Unit, at Alappuzha, Kerala and National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT): New Composite TB Research Facility, Tiruvallur, Tamil Nadu among others.

Foundation stone laying of various health projects including a 100-bedded Satellite Centre of PGIMER at Ferozpur, Punjab; a new Medical College building in RML Hospital, Delhi; one Critical Care Block in Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal; Nursing Colleges at Koderma and Dumka in Jharkhand, among others.

Under the National Health Mission (NHM) and Prime Minister-Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (PM-ABHIM), the Prime Minister inaugurated, dedicated to the nation and laid foundation stone of 115 projects. These include 78 projects under PM-ABHIM. Of these, foundation stone was laid for 57 Critical Care Blocks (CCBs) with total amount of more than Rs. 1,625 Crore; 8 Integrated Public Health Laboratories (IPHLs) with total amount of Rs. 10 Crore and 4 Block Public Health Units (BPHUs) with amount more than Rs. 3 Crore. In addition, 7 IPHLs with total amount more than Rs. 8 Crore and 9 BPHUs with amount more than Rs. 6 Crore were dedicated to the nation today.Under NHM, 29 projects (8 PHC, 16 CHC, 1 Model Hospital, 3 MCH wings 100 bedded and 1 District Warehouse) with amount more than Rs. 290 Crore were inaugurated/ dedicated to nation and foundation stone laid for 1 Transit Hostel for Medical Officers with amount of Rs. 1.98 Crore.

⦁ Inauguration of National Institute of Naturopathy named ‘Nisarg Gram’ at Pune, Maharashtra. It comprises one Naturopathy Medical College along with a 250-bedded hospital with Multi-disciplinary Research and Extension Centre.

⦁ Inauguration of Central Research Institute of Yoga & Naturopathy at Jhajjar, Haryana. It will have apex level Yoga and Naturopathy Research facilities.

⦁ Inauguration of 10 new Microbiology Laboratories established by the Food Safety Standard Authority of India (FSSAI) with a total cost of approximately Rs. 45 crores in State Food Testing Laboratories (SFTLs) across eight states – Uttar Pradesh (Lucknow, Meerut), Kerala (Ernakulum, Kozhikode), Maharashtra (Mumbai), Chhattisgarh (Raipur), Assam (Guwahati), Delhi (North West Delhi), Andhra Pradesh (Vishakhapatnam) and Tamil Nadu (Coimbatore). These laboratories will play a critical role in ensuring food safety by detecting various microorganisms, including pathogens in food products. 53 Mobile Testing Laboratories, known as Food Safety on Wheels (FSW) were also inaugurated in different States/UTs, which include Assam (17), Andhra Pradesh (4), Chandigarh (1), Himachal Pradesh (3), Jammu & Kashmir (6), Meghalaya (2), Uttar Pradesh (18) and Uttarakhand (2).

India’s healthcare landscape has undergone significant transformation over the past decade, marked by unprecedented growth in infrastructure, the implementation of key initiatives, and the promotion of holistic healthcare practices. These achievements reflect a steadfast commitment to advancing healthcare accessibility, quality, and safety for all citizens.

Furthermore, the initiation of OPD services and the commencement of MBBS courses in several AIIMS highlight the tangible progress achieved in enhancing healthcare services across regions. As these institutions become fully operational, they are poised to significantly contribute to medical education, research, and patient care, ultimately advancing the nation’s healthcare landscape.

Overall, the concerted efforts and investments made in establishing AIIMS under PMSSY exemplify India’s commitment to achieving universal healthcare and improving health outcomes for its citizens.

Conclusion:

The narrative of India’s educational renaissance in the Amrit Kaal is akin to a captivating Bollywood saga, where every twist and turn unfolds a story of resilience, growth, and boundless potential. Over the past decade, India has witnessed a transformative journey in its educational landscape, marked by innovation, excellence, and inclusivity.

From the inception of pioneering initiatives like the Skill India Mission and the National Education Policy to the establishment and expansion of premier educational institutions, the nation has embarked on a path towards holistic development. The rise in the number of universities, IITs, IIMs, and colleges reflects a concerted effort to democratize access to quality education across regions, fostering talent and nurturing creativity.

As we reflect on the achievements of the Amrit Kaal, it becomes evident that the seeds of progress sown during this period have blossomed into a vibrant ecosystem of learning, poised to shape the destiny of generations to come. The dedication of stakeholders, policymakers, and visionaries has laid a strong foundation for a knowledge-driven society, where every individual has the opportunity to realize their full potential.

As we turn the page to a new chapter in India’s educational journey, let us embrace the spirit of innovation, collaboration, and inclusivity. Together, we shall script a story of success and prosperity, empowering minds and enriching futures for a brighter tomorrow.

In this era of limitless possibilities, embrace the spirit of innovation, collaboration, and inclusivity, and together, we shall script a story of success and prosperity for generations to come.

Significance of Prime Minister Modi’s Bhutan Visit

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India’s relationship with its neighboring countries has not always been smooth sailing. Despite the steps and initiatives taken by India to strengthen the bonds between the neighboring nations, it has never been successful in maintaining peace without strains and tensions. However, the relationship between India and Bhutan is a success story. By witnessing the most challenging times together and offering a helping hand when need be, Indo-Bhutan has withstood the test of time. Both countries understand each other’s ambitions, needs, and aspirations and provide support for their individual growth on the global front. Since Indian independence in the year 1947 to this day, the Indian government has always tried its best to maintain and carry out this age-old friendship between India and Bhutan. Even after Bhutan became a free country, the dynamics have not changed. Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s recent visit to Bhutan is evidence of the constant support, understanding, and mutual respect between the countries in the present-day scenario as well.

PM Modi’s visit to Bhutan puts the Indian government’s ‘Neighborhood First Policy’ in to spotlight. The visit aimed at further enhancing the already strong bond between India and Bhutan, emphasizing their shared goals and commitments to mutual development and prosperity. Against the backdrop of India’s vision to achieve Developed Nation status by 2047 and Bhutan’s aspiration to become a ‘High-income’ country by 2034, the visit highlighted a united effort to support Brand Bhutan (BB) and instill confidence in Bhutan’s potential encapsulated in the phrase “Bhutan Believe.”

The focus of the visit was on strengthening the foundation of mutual trust, understanding, and goodwill that forms the core of the relationship between India and Bhutan. It underscored the importance of their shared spiritual heritage and robust people-to-people connections as the basis for a unique and enduring partnership that goes beyond mere geographical proximity. Prime Minister Modi’s commitment to renewing connectivity, infrastructure, trade, and energy cooperation over the next five years signals a dedication to further consolidating bilateral relations. Amid global concerns about Climate Change, Bhutan’s significant progress towards achieving ‘Carbon Neutral’ status serves as a beacon of inspiration. Both country’s dedication to sustainable development and environmental preservation not only sets a regional example but also emphasizes their joint responsibility in addressing worldwide environmental challenges effectively.

Acknowledging Prime Minister Modi’s exceptional leadership qualities, Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay commended India’s remarkable achievements under his guidance. The recognition underscores the pivotal role of visionary leaders who exhibit compassion, unwavering dedication to national service, and a clear vision for the nation’s prosperous future in advancing their countries’ interests and ensuring regional stability.

The bilateral discussions between PM Modi and Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay covered a broad spectrum of topics, including economic collaboration, regional security, and cultural interchange. These dialogues play a crucial role in aligning the agendas of both nations, developing mutual understanding, and enhancing collaboration for shared progress and development. The bestowal of Bhutan’s highest civilian honor, the ‘Order of the Druk Gyalpo’, on Prime Minister Modi further symbolizes the deep respect and admiration between India and Bhutan.

The trip to Bhutan not only reaffirms India’s commitment to global leadership and collaboration but also underscores the significance of fostering partnerships based on common values and shared goals. It exemplifies India’s role as a responsible global leader dedicated to promoting inclusive growth and sustainable development in the region. The visit lays the groundwork for a future of strengthened cooperation and partnership between India and Bhutan, focusing on mutual prosperity and citizen-centric developmental initiatives. This commitment to Brand Bhutan and Bhutan Believe reflects a collective vision for a brighter and more prosperous future for the people of both countries.

Prime Minister Modi’s visit to Bhutan consolidates the longstanding ties between the two nations and underscores the importance of global leadership in nurturing regional cooperation and sustainable development. It highlights the shared commitment to mutual growth and prosperity, built on a foundation of trust, goodwill, and a common vision for a better tomorrow. Through continued collaboration and the reinforcement of their partnership, India and Bhutan present a model of effective global leadership founded on cooperation, respect, and mutual understanding.

New India’s Green Revolution In The Previous Decade

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Introduction:

In the annals of history, India has witnessed many revolutions that have shaped its socio-economic landscape. In the year 1965, the government of India launched the Green Revolution with the help of a geneticist, now known as the father of the Green Revolution(India) M.S.Swaminathan. From the Green Revolution of the 1960s to the Digital Revolution of the 21st century, each era brought its own set of challenges and opportunities. However, in the previous decade, India embarked on a journey towards sustainable development, catalysing what can aptly be termed the “Green Revolution 2.0”.

This paradigm shift, propelled by government initiatives, technological advancements, and public participation, has not only rejuvenated the agricultural sector but also paved the way for a greener, more resilient India. Green Revolution 2.0 can help develop climate-resilient crops, require less water and fertilizers, and are disease-resistant. The need of the hour to shift from fertilizer and pesticide-based conventional agricultural practices to natural and renewable resource-based sustainable agriculture.

Government Initiatives:

The cornerstone of New India’s green revolution has been the slew of government initiatives aimed at promoting sustainable agriculture and environmental conservation. Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s vision of a ‘Swachh Bharat’ (Clean India) and ‘Har Khet Ko Paani’ (Water to Every Field) has laid the foundation for transformative policies.

  1. Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) – Launched on 1st july 2015, PMKSY aims to improve farm productivity and ensure efficient water usage through the development of irrigation infrastructure. It ensures access to protective irrigation by harnessing rain water at the micro level through ‘Jal Sanchay’ and ‘Jal Sinchan’ for all agricultural farms in the country. The main objectives of PMKSY includes, achieving convergence of investments in irrigation at the field level, enhancing the physical access of water on the farm, and expand cultivable areas under assured irrigation( Har khet ko Pani ). It is involved in promoting activities relating to water harvesting, water management and crop alignment for farmers and grassroots-level field functionaries
  2. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) – This crop insurance scheme provides financial support to farmers in the event of crop failure due to natural calamities, ensuring their economic security. Launched on 13thJanuary 2016 The objectives of the scheme include the flow of credit to the agricultural sector. Stabilizing the income of farmers to ensure their continuous processing farming. The use of technology like Smartphones, remote sensing drone, and GPS technology should be used to capture and upload data of crop cutting to reduce the delays in the claim payment. Therefore leading to more financial stability for the farmers.
  3. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) – NMSA promotes climate-resilient farming practices, including organic farming, conservation agriculture, and agroforestry, to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on agriculture. The main objectives includes adapting soil health management practices like soil fertility maps, soil test-based applications of macro and macro-nutrients, etc. NMSA has 4 major program components
    ⦁ Rainfed Area Development (RAD)
    ⦁ On Farm Water Management (OFWM)
    ⦁ Soil Health Management (SHM)
    ⦁ Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture: Monitoring, Modelling and Networking (CCSAMMN)

Technological Advancements:

Embracing technology has been instrumental in driving agricultural innovation and enhancing productivity

  1. Kisan Suvidha App – Developed by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), this app provides farmers with real-time information on weather forecasts, market prices, and agricultural advisory services, empowering them to make informed decisions.The features of the app include a weather report for the day. It provides the name, mobile number, address of the dealers of seed fertilizers, etc. Information about rates of various crops.Provides information on plant protection, through Agro Advisories. It provides an option to speak to Kisan call Centre (KCC).
  2. Soil Health Cards – Cards are distributed to farmers across the country, soil health cards enable them to assess the nutrient status of their soil and make judicious use of fertilizers, thereby promoting sustainable farming practices.
  3. National Agricultural Market (eNAM) – Leveraging digital platforms, eNAM facilitates online trading of agricultural commodities, eliminating intermediaries and ensuring fair prices for farmers. Launched on April 14, 2016, by the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi it is expected to reduce transaction costs for buyers, provide stable prices to consumers, and positively influence the overall supply chain efficiency of agricultural commodities

Environmental Conservation:

Recognizing the urgency of addressing environmental degradation, the Indian government has implemented several initiatives to promote afforestation, renewable energy, and waste management.

  1. Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana – Launched by Shri Narendra Modi on 28th august 2014, under this scheme, the government promotes the use of biodegradable materials and encourages waste segregation at source to minimize landfill burden.
  2. National Solar Mission – Launched by Manmohan Singh in 2010 was India’s ambitious target to achieve 175 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2022 reflecting its commitment to reducing carbon emissions and managing climate change.
  3. Swachh Bharat Mission (Rural and Urban) – Launched by prime minister Narendra Modi on 2nd Oct 2014. With a focus on sanitation and waste management, the Swachh Bharat Mission has catalyzed a nationwide movement towards cleanliness and hygiene, complementing the green revolution.

Conclusion:
As India marches towards a sustainable future, the seeds of change sown in the previous decade are bearing fruit. However, the journey towards a green India is an ongoing one, requiring continuous innovation, collaboration, and commitment from all stakeholders. As we stand on the cusp of a new decade, let us assure our collective efforts to build a greener, more resilient India for generations to come.

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