Author: kartavya_blogs_v2

Showcasing new India’s Power on Republic Day 2024!

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Every year on January 26th, India comes alive with a vibrant display of patriotism, culture, and military prowess during the Republic Day Parade. This spectacular celebration, which takes place in the heart of New Delhi, commemorates the day the Indian Constitution went into force in 1950, establishing the country’s status as a republic. Among the various elements of this celebration, the parade serves as a potent illustration of India’s might, diversity, and unity.

India’s defence budget increased from ₹593,538 crore (US$74 billion) in the previous year to ₹621,541 crore (US$78 billion) in the union budget for 2024–2025. This year’s defence budget accounts for 1.89% of the country’s projected gross domestic product (GDP) for 2024-25. India is ranked #4 in the world for military spending, just behind Russia. Thus, one of the most notable features of the Republic Day Parade is the impressive display of India’s military strength.

Leading the mechanized column was the 61 Cavalry, under the command of Major Yashdeep Ahlawat, who was the first Army contingent. After combining all of the “State Horsed Cavalry Units,” the 61 Cavalry was founded in 1953 and is currently the only operational horsed cavalry regiment in the world. 11 mechanized columns, 12 marching contingents, and an aerial demonstration by Army Aviation Corps’ Advanced Light Helicopters followed.

Amidst the primary attractions in the mechanized columns were the Tank T-90 Bhishma, NAG missile system, infantry combat vehicle, all-terrain vehicle, Pinaka, weapon finding radar system ‘Swathi’, Sarvatra mobile bridging system, drone-jammer system, and medium range surface-to-air missile system. The Army marching contingents consisted of nation’s most veteran infantry Madras Regiment, Grenadiers, Rajputana Rifles, Sikh Regiment and the Kumaon Regiment.

This time, the parade was dominated by women. Together with Sub Lt. Aashu Yadav, Flt Lt. Shrishti Verma, and Capt. Sharanya Rao, an all-female tri-service contingent gave the salute beside President Murmu, who is also the Supreme commander of the armed forces. Women Agniveers from all three military made up the contingent.

A paratrooper and eye surgeon, Major Srishti Khulla led the all-female marching contingent of the Armed Forces Medical Services. During the parade, the Swathi weapon finding radar and Pinaka rocket system show were led by Lieutenants Deepti Rana and Priyanka Sevda. They were among the ten female officers who were first commissioned into the Artillery last year.

This was the first time in the Delhi Police Force’s history that exclusively female members made up the marching contingent. 194 female head constables and constables headed the marching contingent, which included IPS officer Shweta K Sugathan, additional DCP (North District).

Another special feature this time was the display of 6 modern specialist vehicles, which included ‘Quick Reaction Force Vehicles Heavy and Medium, a Light Specialist vehicle, Vehicle Mounted Infantry Mortar System, All-terrain vehicle and a Specialist Mobility Vehicle.

With Lt Prajwal M serving as the contingent commander and Lts. Mudita Goyal, Sharvani Supreiya, and Devika H leading their respective platoons, the Indian Navy contingent was made up of 144 men and women agniveers.

The Naval tableau, which portrayed the themes “Nari Shakti” and “Sea Power Across the Oceans Through Indigenization,” came next. The Indian Navy’s female members in all roles and at all levels were featured in the first section of the tableau. While In the second, the firstever indigenous carrier battle group was shown, complete with the aircraft carrier Vikrant, her extremely competent escort ships Delhi, Kolkata, and Shivalik, the Kalvari class submarine, the advanced light helicopter and light combat aircraft, and Isro’s GSAT-7, Rukmani satellite.

The Indian Air Force (IAF) was made up of 144 airmen and 4 officers, led by Squadron Leader Rashmi Thakur. Behind the contingent commander, Squadron Leaders Sumita Yadav and Pratiti Ahluwalia, together with Flight Lieutenant Kirti Rohil, marched. The theme of the IAF tableau was ‘Bharatiya Vayu Sena: Saksham, Sashakt, Aatmanirbhar’. The tableau featured a C-295 transport plane being piloted by female aircrew in the cockpit, together with LCA Tejas and Su-30 aircraft flying above the IOR. The GSAT-7A satellite, which was placed on the tableau, highlighted how the IAF uses space technology in its operations. The display demonstrated how the IAF has paved the way in providing humanitarian relief both domestically and internationally.

The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) contingent was headed by assistant commandant Chunauti Sharma with Assistant Commandants Priya Dahiya, Hardik and Pallavi. The ICG can tackle threats at sea and in the air with to its fleet of 154 ships and 78 aircraft.

The Border Security Force marching contingent was led by assistant commandant Monika Lakra; Central Industrial Security Force by assistant commandant Tanmayee Mohanty; Central Reserve Police Force by assistant commandant Megha Nair; Indo-Tibetan Border Police by assistant commandant Moniya Sharma, Sashastra Seema Bal by deputy commandant Nancy Singla; and Delhi Police by additional deputy commissioner of police Shweta K Sugathan.

BSF camel contingent was led by Manohar Singh Kheechee, the deputy commandant. Female camel riders participated in the parade for the second time with their embellished camels. Several NCC contingents observed female representation. An all-girl tri-service marching contingent was present for the first time, led by Uttar Pradesh Directorate senior under officer Tanu Tevatia. The division of the National Service Scheme (NSS) consisted of 200 female volunteers. Ragina Tamang from Sikkim’s Regional Directorate of the NSS in Guwahati led it.

A tableau of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), under the direction of distinguished scientist and guided missile expert Sunita Jena, Women’s contributions to DRDO were emphasized in the defense research organization’s tableau in a number of ways, including light combat aircraft Tejas, anti-satellite missiles, and thirdgeneration guided missiles against tanks. At Shiv Shakti Point, the location of Isro’s lunar landing, the space agency unveiled Chandrayaan-3, one of its greatest achievements.

In its majestic display of military prowess, the Republic Day Parade not only celebrates India’s rich cultural heritage but also heralds the dawn of a new era – an era marked by an assertive and proactive approach on the global stage. As the world witnesses the precision drills, thunderous flypasts, and formidable weaponry on display, it becomes evident that India is no longer content with a passive role in international affairs. Instead, it is embracing its role as a rising power with confidence and determination.
The military segment of the parade serves as a powerful symbol of India’s newfound assertiveness. With state-of-the-art equipment, highly trained personnel, and strategic capabilities, the Indian Armed Forces send a clear message to the world: India is ready and willing to defend its interests, uphold its sovereignty, and safeguard peace and stability in the region.

Namo Bharat RRTS – Journey of New India with New Resolutions

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi has said that, “I am not in the habit of small dreams and walking slowly. I want to give a guarantee to the young generation of today that by the end of this decade, you will find Indian trains second to none in the world”. He has mentioned that the Trinity of Amrit Bharat, Vande Bharat and Namo Bharat will become a symbol of modern railways by the end of this decade.

The PM highlights how an efficient transport system can reshape communities. Similar to how the Delhi Metro revolutionized Delhi, Namo Bharat aims to reshape Delhi National Capital Region in the coming decade. Despite Delhi’s already robust travel infrastructure, including a well-connected metro and extensive highway networks like the Delhi-Meerut Expressway, the implementation of Namo Bharat trains, costing over Rs 30,000 crores surely raises questions about its need.

The simple answer is that before a big economic leap comes the painstaking decades-long effort to put an efficient system in place. It is a journey from cutting the bureaucratic red tapes to cutting the inaugural red tapes of critical infrastructure projects on a regular basis. China, the USA and Europe did it and are thus reaping the benefits of development. RRTS is one such system that will lead India’s developmental journey.

The Regional Rapid Transit System (RRTS), a cutting-edge regional mobility solution, is on par with global standards, offering safe, reliable, and modern intercity commuting options. Aligned with PM GatiShakti National Master Plan, it integrates seamlessly with rail, metro, and bus services, fostering economic growth in Delhi NCR, enhancing access to employment, education, and healthcare, while mitigating vehicular congestion and air pollution.

Delhi NCR, boasting a GDP of $370 Billion making 8% of India’s GDP is a melting pot of dreams and aspirations of 4.6 crore people and spans 55,000 sq kms area. Along with this it attracts more than a million commuters on a daily basis which are expected to increase to 1.7 million by 2032. This excessive influx of aspiring minds to Delhi NCR has led to several problems like traffic congestion, pollution, and exponential rise in property rates. Nearby areas of Ghaziabad, Noida, Gurgaon, and Faridabad are witnessing rapid industrial and service sector

expansion. The government aims to extend this growth to Meerut in Uttar Pradesh, Alwar in Rajasthan, and Panipat in Haryana.

The Delhi-Meerut Expressway reduced travel time from 2 hours to 40 minutes, but many Meerut-Delhi commuters can’t afford car trips. For them, Namo Bharat trains will be a game changer, offering ample opportunities along the route.

To make India a developed economy a bunch of economically prosperous clusters must be developed. The major hurdle in this is the poor travel infrastructure India was grappling with for decades. In 2014/15, Rail projects worth Rs 6.5 lakh crore were stalled, including those for doubling, new lines, gauge conversion, traffic facilities, and electrification. The Modi Government has already spent Rs 3 lakh crores on modern trains such as Namo Bharat or metro trains. Also, in 1998-99 the Indian Railways suggested 8 RRTC corridors for better connectivity in the Delhi NCR region. It took 24 years for the project to become a reality until PM Shri Narendra Modi inaugurated the 17-km priority stretch from Sahibabad to Duhai Depot in Uttar Pradesh which will further connect to Meerut which is 82 kms away and will be completed by 2025.

The RRTS, with a design speed of 180 km/hr, outpaces France’s RER (140 km/hr) and London’s CrossRail (90 km/hr), operating at 160 km/hr, heralding a transformative era in travel within Delhi NCR and positioning itself as a global frontrunner.

A total of three lines are currently under construction by the National Capital Region Planning Board. Line One, spanning from Delhi to Ghaziabad to Meerut, will cover a distance of 82.15 kilometers, with both above and below ground sections encompassing 22 stations. Line Two will connect Delhi to Gurgaon to Alwar, covering a length of 199 kilometers and also featuring 22 stations. Line Three, linking Delhi to Sonipat to Panipat, will stretch across 103 kilometers and comprise 16 stations.

In Phase two of the project, additional lines are planned, including Delhi to Jewar, Delhi to Palwal, Delhi to Rohtak, Ghaziabad to Hapur, and Delhi to Baghpat. The Finance Minister in her budget speech has also promised that the Namo Bharat trains will soon run in other metro regions of India.

The RRTS will offer faster long-distance travel compared to the Metro, with trains running every 15 minutes, ensuring higher frequency than Indian Railways. It promises superior comfort, with a model akin to those in Paris, SEPTA (US), Germany, and Austria. Each Namo Bharat train will feature 6 bogies, accommodating 1500 to 1700 passengers, serving an estimated 8 lakh commuters daily. The multipurpose tracks are expected to save approximately Rs 6300 crore as they can be used by other trains too.

RRTS trains promote passenger convenience, including amenities like overhead storage, Wi-Fi, and charging stations at every seat. There will also be a premium-class car with comfortable seating, plenty of legroom, and coat racks. According to the National Capital Region Transport Corporation (NCRTC), private players will receive media rights, food and beverage retail spaces on stations, office floors, telecom access rights, and virtual storefronts.

An important fact is that the Namo Bharat trains are run and operated majorly by women and are 100% operated over electricity and will help India achieve carbon neutrality. A fully operational RRTS will cut private vehicle traffic by 40%, reducing pollution significantly, as half of Delhi’s pollution is vehicle-related.

Once completed it will propel Delhi into the list of cities with world class travel infrastructure making it an even more prosperous, eco-friendly and modern ecosystem. Namo Bharat, the made in India spectacle is set to revolutionize the idea of public transport and offer secure, reliable, and contemporary intercity transportation solutions in India.

NURTURING TOMORROW: EXPLORING MATERNAL AND NEONATAL CARE INITIATIVES in Amrit Kaal.

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In the realm of public health, the provision of comprehensive maternal and neonatal care stands as an imperative duty to safeguard the rights and well-being of both mothers and newborns. Recognizing this obligation, the Modi Government has instituted a variety of schemes and initiatives tailored to address the unique needs and vulnerabilities of expectant mothers and their infants. The commitment of the Government to the cause is evidenced by the improving maternal and infant health indicators. For instance, India’s MMR declined by 6.36%, which is three times higher than the rate of global decline.

The establishment of the “continuum of care,” which includes integrated service delivery in different life stages like adolescence, pre-pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period, childhood, and through reproductive age, as well as the availability of services at all levels, is becoming more and more recognised and emphasised globally. The strategic approach to reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health (RMNCH+A) in India includes the same concept. We will refer to it as the life-cycle strategy for ease of use. In this blog, the author undertakes a systematic examination of the maternal and neonatal schemes brought in by the Modi Government in the last two decades. Our exploration encompasses an analysis of such governmental policies, their progress, and their contribution.

Interventions for improving maternal health

The primary focus area of the government has been to identify and provide solutions to address the real causes of women’s mortality and morbidity. The focus has been on offering exceptional healthcare facilities to expectant mothers, starting from the early stages of pregnancy, and ending with postpartum care, in order to ensure a continuum of care that addresses maternal and child health in a holistic manner. Programmes have been created with the need for a variety of medical services in mind, including testing and routine checkups, facilities for a smooth delivery, and postnatal care for the mother and child. The life-cycle strategy has been adopted as a guiding principle and programs are designed accordingly.

Some of which are:

  • Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA): This service, which was started in 2016, provides pregnant mothers on the ninth day of every month with cost-free, high-quality prenatal care. Under PMSMA, all expectant moms are eligible for services like prescription drugs, lab work, prenatal checkups, and ultrasounds.

  • Since inception, more than 4.73 crore antenatal check-ups have been conducted till 8th February 2024 and 49.56 lakh high risk pregnancies have been identified under PMSMA across States/ UTs till 15th December 2023.

  • Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY): Under the National Health Mission, JSY is a safe motherhood intervention. The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), which was introduced with the goal of lowering mother and newborn mortality, encourages pregnant women, particularly those from low-income households and Scheduled Castes and Tribes, to give birth in an institutional setting.

  • The success of the scheme is to be assessed by the increase in institutional deliveries among low-income families as well as the overall number of institutional deliveries. Institutional Deliveries increased from 78.9% (NFHS-4) to 88.6% in NFHS-5 and Skilled Birth Attendant (SBA) attended deliveries increased from 81.4%(NFHS-4) to 89.4%inNFHS-5. Further, under JSY 43.35 lakhs beneficiaries received benefits during the period of April-September 2023 (Provisional data, FY 2023-24).

  • Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN): It seeks to eliminate all avoidable maternity and newborn fatalities by offering every mother and child who visits the public health institution assured, dignified, respectful, and high-quality healthcare at no cost. It also vows to tolerate no service denials. Till 15th December 2023, 38,096 facilities have been notified under SUMAN. It also integrates existing initiatives (PMSMA, LaQshya, FRUs etc).

  • LaQshya: It was introduced in 2017 with the goal of raising the standard of care in labour rooms and maternity operation theatres to guarantee that expectant mothers receive considerate and excellent care throughout labour and the first few hours after giving birth.

  • Progress Till 30th November 2023, 873 Labour Rooms and 663 Maternity Operation Theatres are LaQshya certified at national level. During the FY 2022-23, 185 Labour Rooms and 129 Maternity Operation Theatres are LaQshya certified at national level.

  • Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY): A direct benefit transfer (DBT) programme that went into operation in 2017 gives pregnant women financial benefits directly into their bank accounts to satisfy their increased nutritional demands and partially make up for lost wages.

  • Progress Under Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY), more than 3.78 crores beneficiaries have been enrolled since inception of the Scheme in 2017-18 and till 29.01.2024. Further, maternity benefits of more than ₹14,758.87 crores have been disbursed to more than 3.29 crores beneficiaries during the aforesaid period.

  • POSHAN Abhiyaan: The POSHAN Abhiyaan, launched by the Indian government in 2018, aims to improve the nutritional status of children, adolescent girls, pregnant women, and lactating mothers in a time bound manner.

Category wise beneficiaries registered under Poshan Tracker

Total BeneficiariesLactating WomenPregnant WomenChildren (0-6M)Children (6M-3Y)Children (3Y-6Y)
9,98,63,15750,32,41059,93,99342,74,0653,99,80,3344,45,82,355
(Source: POSHAN Tracker)

Neonatal Care Initiatives

The Modi government’s approach towards neonatal care emphasises the importance of early intervention, access to quality healthcare services, and community engagement to improve neonatal health outcomes and reduce neonatal mortality rates across India. Some of which include:

  • Home Based Newborn Care (HBNC) program: During the 2022–2023 year, ASHAs referred over 8 lakh unwell babies to medical facilities, while 1.47 crore newborns received full schedules of home visits. In F.Y. 2023–2024 (Qtr. 1), ASHA performed scheduled visits with 33.5 lakh newborns, of whom 1.95 lakh were found to be ill and referred to medical facilities under the HBNC scheme.

  • Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK): Under this programme, children between the ages of one and eighteen are screened for the four Ds: defects at birth, diseases, deficiencies, and developmental delays. The screening covers thirty-two common health issues and allows for early discovery, free treatment, and management, including tertiary level surgery. Between April and November of 2023, 41.26 lakh neonates were checked at delivery locations as part of the RBSK Programme.

All things considered, the Modi government’s approach to neonatal care in India is a comprehensive strategy that tackles a number of factors that influence a baby’s health at birth, such as immunisations, nutrition, healthcare access, community engagement and technological innovation. The government hopes to lower neonatal mortality rates and guarantee that every newborn has the chance to flourish and realise their full potential by placing a high priority on neonatal health and putting tailored initiatives into place.

The government’s determination to “Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan” for the women by establishing a responsive healthcare system that aims to achieve zero preventable maternal and newborn deaths is reinforced by India’s success in lowering the MMR. 

The Government of India envisions that, as the nation celebrates “Amrit Kaal,” maternal and neonatal mortality will no longer be an issue. With the introduction and careful implementation of numerous initiatives and healthcare facilities, this vision is quickly becoming a reality.

The improvement in a few key health-related variables, as shown below, is indicative of an effective health approach.

(Source: Sample Registration System)

New India’s Digital Highways Connecting The Unconnected In Amrit Kaal.

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India’s digital journey has witnessed a monumental leap with two groundbreaking projects, namely BharatNet and the Kochi-Lakshadweep Islands Submarine Optical Fibre Connection (KLI-SOFC). These initiatives, spearheaded by the government, underscore a deep commitment to bridge the digital divide and empower citizens with high-speed connectivity, especially in rural and remote regions.

BharatNet: A Rural Revolution

BharatNet, hailed as one of the world’s largest rural telecom projects, aims to provide non-discriminatory access to broadband connectivity for approximately 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats across the country. Launched in phases, the project enables access providers like mobile operators, ISPs, cable TV operators, and content providers to offer diverse services, including e-health, e-education, and e-governance in rural India.

Phased Implementation and Connectivity Milestones

Commencing with the creation of the National Optical Fibre Network (NOFN), later rebranded as BharatNet, Phase-I focused on providing broadband connectivity at the Gram Panchayat level. Completed in December 2017, it covered over 1 lakh Gram Panchayats and was later expanded to 1.25 lakh Gram Panchayats.

Phase-II adopted a modified strategy in 2017, integrating various implementation models, including State-led, CPSU-led, Private-led, and Satellite components. States like Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Telangana, and others are actively progressing under this phase.

Utilization Models

BharatNet’s network is utilized through leasing bandwidth and dark fibre, offering Wi-Fi for last-mile connectivity (LMC) in public places and Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) connections.

Current Status of BharatNet

As of January 22, 2024, BharatNet has connected 210,190 Gram Panchayats, laying an impressive 678,148 km of Optical Fibre Cable (OFC). Additionally, 847,465 FTTH connections and 104,675 Wi-Fi hotspots ensure last-mile connectivity.

Funding and Disbursement

The total funding for BharatNet (Phase-I and Phase-II) approved by the Cabinet stands at Rs 42,068 crores (excluding GST, Octroi, and local taxes). As of December 31, 2023, Rs. 39,825 crore has been disbursed under the BharatNet project.

State/UT-wise Impact of BharatNet

A transformative impact is witnessed across states and union territories, with Gram Panchayats made service-ready under BharatNet. States like Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana showcase significant strides in enabling high-speed broadband connectivity.

Kochi-Lakshadweep Islands Submarine Optical Fibre Connection (KLI-SOFC): A Gateway to Progress

In a historic move, Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the KLI-SOFC project on January 3, 2024, in Kavaratti, Lakshadweep. This initiative, part of a developmental plan exceeding Rs 1,150 crore, promises to revolutionize communication infrastructure in the Lakshadweep islands.

Key Objectives and Transformative Impact

The KLI-SOFC project brings about an Internet revolution in Lakshadweep, promising 100 times faster internet speeds. This marks a significant paradigm shift in communication infrastructure, enhancing connectivity and digital accessibility for the people of Lakshadweep.

Moreover, the dedicated submarine Optical Fibre Cable (OFC) deployed in the project opens up avenues for a multitude of diverse applications. Beyond simply providing faster internet services, the OFC facilitates advancements in various sectors, including telemedicine, e-governance, educational initiatives, digital banking, digital currency usage, and digital literacy. This comprehensive approach ensures that the benefits of enhanced connectivity are felt across different aspects of life, contributing to the overall socio-economic development of Lakshadweep.

In addition to the technological advancements, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has emphasized the logistics hub potential of Lakshadweep through this project. This strategic vision looks towards strengthening facilities such as government services, medical treatment, education, and digital banking. The island region is positioned to evolve into a logistical centre, serving as a hub for various essential services. This not only enhances the quality of life for the residents but also contributes to the overall development and sustainability of Lakshadweep in the digital era.

Project Funding and Execution

The project, funded by the Universal Services Obligation Fund (USOF) under the Department of Telecommunications, signifies the commitment to uplifting remote regions through digital connectivity. Executed by Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) and M/s NEC Corporation India Pvt Ltd, the project involved critical activities like marine route survey, submarine cable laying, and installation of end terminals.

Digital Empowerment Beyond Connectivity

These projects extend beyond providing mere connectivity. BharatNet, through its vast reach, fosters the vision of ‘Digital India’ and ‘National Broadband Mission,’ catalysing e-governance, tourism, education, health, commerce, and industries. Similarly, the KLI-SOFC project propels Lakshadweep into a digital era, unlocking socio-economic development opportunities and aligning with the broader vision for India’s islands.

Lakshadweep’s Integration into BharatNet

Nine Gram Panchayats in Lakshadweep now enjoy the benefits of high-speed connectivity, empowering the islanders with essential tools for education, healthcare, e-governance, and more. Lakshadweep is seamlessly integrated into BharatNet, gaining connectivity through this comprehensive rural telecom initiative. This integration reinforces the inclusive nature of BharatNet, ensuring that even the distant island regions are not left behind in the digital age. The advantage for Lakshadweep is evident, serving as a testament, despite being geographically distant, Lakshadweep stands as an integral part of BharatNet’s success story, exemplifying the dedication to leaving no corner untouched and ensuring that every citizen, regardless of location, becomes part of India’s digital revolution.

Towards a Digitally Empowered India

As these transformative projects continue to unfold, they represent the government’s unwavering commitment to creating a digitally empowered India. The combination of BharatNet’s rural revolution and KLI-SOFC’s island connectivity signifies a collective step towards inclusive development, where technology becomes a bridge connecting the aspirations of every citizen, from the mainland to the islands.

With a focus on empowering the remotest corners of the nation, these projects exemplify India’s resolve to build a Vikshit Bharat, ensuring that technology acts as a catalyst for progress and prosperity across diverse landscapes. As the digital horizon expands, BharatNet and KLI-SOFC stand as beacons of a connected, empowered, and inclusive India, where no citizen is left behind in the transformative wave of digital reach.

Namami Gange Mission: Ensuring the purity of the sacred waters for Viksit Bharat.

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The Ganges:

Ganges River (or Ganga) flows from the Himalayas all the way to the Bay of Bengal. Its river basin is more than 1 million sq km, and home to over 650 million people. The River Ganges contributes in the western Himalayas and flows down across northern India into Bangladesh, where it joins into the Bay of Bengal. Nearly 80% of the Ganges river basin is in India, the rest is in other countries like Nepal, China and Bangladesh. The river in India is more than 2,500km long and has the most populated river basin in the world. A huge range of wildlife and humanitarian society rely on the river.

The ganga river holds immense cultural, economic and environmental significance in India. It is a symbol of faith , sanity and hope and a source of livelihood . It is personified as Goddess Ganga. Hindu belief holds that bathing in the river on certain occasions causes the forgiveness of transgressions and helps attain salvation.

But over the years , deposition of unnecessary waste material has degraded the quality of our scared mother . Like human sewage and animal waste, unregulated development along its banks, increasing population density, and the disposal of industrial waste into the river is leading to increase in toxins and degradation of aquatic life . Therefore the Namami Mission was introduced in order to protect the Ganga from these activities.

The Mission :

The Namami Gange Programme is an Integrated Conservation Mission approved by the Union Government of India in June 2014, with the aim of cleaning and rejuvenating the Ganga River with a budget outlay of 20,000 crore. Basically it was created to accomplish the twin objectives of effective abatement of pollution, conservation and rejuvenation of National River Ganga .The iconic Indian superhero – Chacha Chaudhary has been declared as the mascot of the Namami Gange Programme.

Addressing the Indian community at Madison Square Garden in New York in 2014, the Prime Minister had said, “If we are able to clean it, it will be a huge help for the 40 per cent population of the country. So, cleaning the Ganges is also an economic agenda.”

To translate this vision the government launched and integrated conservation mission called Namami Gange to stop the pollution of Ganga river and revive the aquatic life . The union government approved the action plan proposed by the centre under a central sector scheme for spending rupees 20000 crores till 2019 to 20-20 for cleaning the river. Notable achievements of the mission include the construction and upgrade of numerous sewage treatment plants, the establishment of pollution monitoring systems, the rejuvenation of ghats and riverfront areas, and the launch of innovative initiatives such as the Ganga Task Force and Ganga Vriksharopan Abhiyan.

Main pillars of the program are :
● Sewerage Treatment Infrastructure
● River-Surface Cleaning
● Afforestation
● Industrial Effluent Monitoring
● River-Front Development
● Bio-Diversity
● Public Awareness
● Ganga Gram

It’s implementation has been divided into:

● Entry level activities: for immediate visible impact.
Activities include like rivers surface cleaning, rural sanitation to arrest the pollution through rural sewage , renovation modernization, repairing, construction of ghats to improve human river connect etc .

● Mid-term activities : to be implemented within 5 years of time frame
Activities will focus on arresting the municipal and industrial pollution entering into the river maintaining pollution through municipal sewage and maintaining sustainability in the long term.

● Long term activities: to be implemented within 10 years
Activities include increased water use efficiency and improved efficiency for surface irrigation.

Apart from these other activities has also been taken into account under the program like biodiversity conservation, afforestation and maintaining water quality. Programs for conservation of species like golden mahaseer, dolphins , turtles etc have also been taken into account. Under Namami gange 30, 000 hectare of land has been afforested to increase the acquifers , reduce adoration and improve equity life under the water. 113 real time water quality monitoring stations have been installed in order to maintain the water quality levels. The government did had to face hardships for cleaning the river Ganga but they were supported by economic and cultural pillars. There are many ways in which we can contribute to the cause for cleaning our river Ganga:

● Contributing in the funds : the government has already increased the budget for cleaning the river and programs has been installed to provide a platform for all of us to contribute into the funds to clean the river.

● Reduce, reuse and recovery: we don’t realize the water that we use ends up in the rivers and is not disposed properly therefore sewage infrastructure has been installed by the government for the citizens to reduce the usage of water and minimize the generation of waste therefore reusing the water can also add up in saving our resources.

Futuristic outlook :

While considering that an efficient amount of progress has been made, the journey to revive Ganges is still a long way to go. By harnessing technology, fostering partnerships and promoting eco-friendly practices we can create a way for a cleaner, healthier and more vibrant Ganga for our future generations and create a sustainable environment to cherish.

How PLI schemes have turned the tables of new India’s Economic Growth in Amrit Kaal?

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Navigating the unpredictable seas of global manufacturing, India’s reliance on foreign imports has often felt like walking a tightrope—challenging and fraught with uncertainty. The COVID-19 pandemic brought significant challenges to this dependence. The disruption in global manufacturing highlighted the vulnerabilities of our supply chains and underscored the need for self-sufficiency. Discussions with my father, who has over three decades of experience in the manufacturing sector within a public sector-owned fertilizer and pharmaceutical company, have deepened my understanding of the urgency for change. I have long felt the need to emphasize this urgency—a shift towards strengthening our domestic capabilities and reducing dependencies. Reading about the Indian government’s announcement of the Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes, as part of the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative, feels like witnessing the dawn of a new era, and I could not be happier.

Unveiling the PLI Schemes: A Beacon of Hope

The genesis of the PLI schemes is intertwined with the challenges that the pandemic unleashed, disrupting economies and exposing the perils of over-dependence on global supply chains. Designed to invigorate the Indian manufacturing sector, these schemes aim to promote domestic production while making it globally competitive. By providing financial incentives based on incremental sales from domestically manufactured products, the PLI schemes span across pivotal sectors like electronics, pharmaceuticals, automobiles, and textiles, among others. The PLI schemes have been welcomed by industry leaders and experts, who see them as a game-changer for the Indian economy. According to a report by the consulting firm, KPMG, the PLI schemes have the potential to create up to 10 million jobs in the country and increase its GDP by up to 1.5%.

Another benefit of the PLI schemes is that they promote exports, which are critical to the country’s economic growth. India’s exports have been growing steadily over the years, and the PLI schemes are expected to further boost this growth. The schemes provide incentives to companies that export goods to other countries, which helps to increase the country’s foreign exchange earnings and reduce its trade deficit. The PLI schemes are also expected to promote sustainable development, as they encourage companies to adopt environmentally friendly practices and reduce their carbon footprint. The schemes provide incentives to companies that use renewable energy sources, reduce waste, and implement sustainable manufacturing practices. This is in line with the government’s vision of achieving sustainable development and reducing the country’s carbon emissions.

The allure of these schemes has not only captured the imagination of domestic manufactures but has also piqued the interest of global investors. For instance, the push towards electronics manufacturing has seen tech giants expanding their operations within India’s borders, signaling a shift towards making India a hub for mobile and electronic component manufacturing. Similarly, the pharmaceutical sector, under the aegis of PLI schemes, is poised to reduce import dependencies by enhancing the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and medical devices.

The Drive for Manufacturing Excellence: Fostering Innovation beyond incentives

India’s Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme operates on a straightforward yet powerful principle: to offer manufacturers incentives based on the incremental sales of products made in India for both global and domestic markets. With a hefty financial outlay of over Rs. 1.45 lakh crores planned to be invested over the coming five years, the overarching goal of the PLI is twofold—to firmly embed India within the global supply chains and to empower local manufacturers with the financial muscle to vie with other international manufacturing hubs.

Proponents of the PLI scheme are buoyant, underscoring its potential not just to catalyze the manufacturing sector but also to be a significant employment generator as companies amplify their local production capacities.

One of the earliest sectors to come under the PLI ambit was electronic manufacturing, with a whopping investment of Rs. 40,995 crores dedicated to it. Through this strategic move, India is poised to carve out its place as a global epicenter for mobile phone production. The commitment from smartphone behemoths like Foxconn, Wistron, Pegatron, and Samsung to make substantial investments under the PLI scheme paints a promising picture. Projections indicate that the approvals under the electronics PLI could trigger a production surge worth an estimated Rs. 11.5 lakh crores over the next five years, simultaneously generating upwards of 200,000 direct jobs in the sector.

The automotive industry is not far behind, with the recent green light for a PLI scheme for automobiles and auto components featuring a budget allocation of Rs. 26,000 crores. The target? To escalate India’s footprint in global auto exports from a modest 1% to a more competitive 3% within the next five years. Homegrown giants like Tata Motors and Mahindra, along with international players such as Kia and Hyundai, have already pledged investments, riding the wave of this initiative.

Parallelly, the critical pharmaceutical sector has seen the launch of a dedicated PLI scheme worth Rs. 15,000 crores. This initiative is designed to slash India’s import dependencies and establish the nation as a formidable hub of global pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Towards a Resilient and Prosperous India

However, the journey towards self-reliance is strewn with challenges. Effective implementation of PLI schemes is a Herculean task, requiring seamless coordination between government bodies and the private sector. Infrastructure development, ease of doing business, and fostering a culture of innovation are pivotal in realizing the full potential of these incentives. Moreover, vigilance against market distortions and ensuring equitable benefits for both large conglomerates and small enterprises will be crucial in maintaining the integrity and success of the PLI schemes.

Despite these hurdles, the ethos of Atmanirbhar Bharat through PLI schemes offers a beacon of hope. It’s a testament to India’s resolve to not just survive but thrive in the face of adversity. The narrative of Atmanirbhar Bharat, enriched by the PLI schemes, is not merely about economic policy; it’s a narrative of resilience, ambition, and the collective will of a nation to secure its destiny. As we navigate these changing tides, the vision of a self-reliant India is not just a distant dream but a tangible reality we are building, one policy, one investment, and one job at a time.

PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana: Skilling New Avenues of Empowerment

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India has recently become the most populous nation in the world, surpassing China. Its population currently is estimated to be 1.42 billion. Out of which the most enthusing aspect is its youth population. The youth population in India is remarkably significant. As of now, India boasts the largest adolescent population in the world, with a staggering 253 million young people aged 10 to 19 years. Every fifth person in India falls within this age group. More than 50% of the population is below 25 years of age. Nearly 68% of the population is within the working age bracket of 16-64. It is a window of demographic opportunity that the country currently enjoys. The window would remain up until 2040 according to UNFPA’s estimates, after which the demographic advantage, would curve down.

This is an opportunity for us to tap into this ‘youthful bulge’ that can do wonders. But to utilise this we need to educate and adequately skill the population. The government since its inception has taken various steps to upskill, reskill, and recognise the existing skills of certain sections of society and youth in general. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PM-KVY) is one such scheme that was brought up in 2015, in assistance to skill the youth, which will provide certified opportunities for them in the market.

PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana

Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana isa flagship scheme of the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, which is implemented by the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC). The main aim of this yojana is to enable the Indian youth to take up industry-relevant skills, refine them to the contemporary demand, and provide them a certification of excellence for their future livelihood opportunities.

The scheme is divided into three components

  • Short-Term Training: this is a short-duration vocational training provided at the PM-KVY Training Centres, which is mainly targeting the school, college dropouts, or unemployed. Apart from the hard skills that are required for the technical part of the job, they are also provided with soft skills that may help them in their future career growth and professional prospects.

  • Recognition of Prior Learning: Many individuals who have not received a formal education, but have certain job-related skills or have possessed those skills through an informal way of learning are recognised through this scheme. Project Implementing Agencies (PIA) designated by NSDC are given the responsibility to implement this part of the scheme. They also provide bridge courses to fill the knowledge gaps and the latest skill sets.

  • Special Projects: The Special Projects envisage the creation of a platform that will facilitate training in special areas and/or premises of Government bodies, corporate or industry bodies, and training in special job roles that are not defined under the available Qualification Packs (QPs)/National Occupational Standards (NOS) of the scheme.

Impact of PM KVY

It has been nearly 9 years since the scheme was announced. In an impact evaluation survey, by NSDC, certain positive outcomes were visible. On being queried about their satisfaction with the STT program, more than 90 percent of the respondents reported being satisfied with the quality of trainers, adequacy of curriculum concerning the job role requirement, quality of training, the infrastructure of the centre, and the overall program. Also, 73 percent, acknowledged having benefitted from the program, mostly with an increase in self-confidence and improved technical knowledge. Development of entrepreneurial attitude, increased chances of employability, and improved interpersonal skills are the other key benefits, as seen in the chart.

Impact analysis of the effect of PMKVY certification and training on income was also done after matching the groups. The average monthly income level of STT-Trained and Certified was 15 percent higher than that of similar non-PMKVY individuals. Also, a difference of nine percent in average monthly income was found to be attributable to STT training per se. Income before training and the current income of STT participants were analysed for those who were employed at any time before enrolling in PMKVY. This showed a 52 percent and 42 percent change in income of STT-Trained and Certified and STT-Trained (but not certified) respondents, respectively.

Regarding the benefits, 87 percent STT certified respondents and 75 percent of trained agreed that PMKVY training has helped improve their ability to work in their current employment. 91 percent of non-PMKVY respondents believe that a training or capacity-building program related to their job role will be helpful for them to be better prepared for their current job or in becoming more employable. Further, 89 percent reported that training related to their job role would help them in increasing their income. The overall assessment is that there is a positive impact of the scheme not just in enhancing their skill sets, but also in giving an overall exposure to the current market realities and the contemporary needs.

A Bright Way Ahead Considering the scale of the youth population of this country, it is very interesting to know its strengths and weaknesses and objectively work on them. Equipping them with the right kind of skills, opportunities, and exposure to employment conditions and requirements, PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana rightly intervenes and bridges the gap. Recognising their prior work experience and chiselling out their expertise was a much-needed step towards acknowledging their labour in informal work settings. A truly skilled workforce of a nation acts as a force multiplier in many ways like driving economic growth, innovative ideas, technological leaps, adaptability to conditions, increased productivity, and aspirations to excel. Thus, a well-educated and updated skilled workforce would be the long-term churning machine for the nation that would lead us on the path of growth and prosperity.

India-Middle East Europe Economic Corridor: Rediscovering New India’s Global Leadership

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In the corridors of the G20 Summit in New Delhi, where world leaders convened to forge a new global order spearheaded by the Global South, a momentous statement reverberated. With leaders coming together to introduce the India-Middle East Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC), it signaled a change in commerce and geopolitics. This corridor represents visionary leadership, heralds in a new era of global collaboration and integration, and is more than just a commercial route.

The India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) is a multi-modal marvel. Advanced shipping routes take over from these ports, ferrying goods to ports in Saudi Arabia, Israel, and Jordan, connecting the Middle East with India. The maritime journey then extends to European ports, notably Piraeus in Greece and Trieste in Italy. Beyond the movement of goods, the IMEC also envisions integrated energy grids and hydrogen pipelines, bridging the energy and resource needs. This comprehensive integration of road, rail, sea, and pipelines ensures efficient trade through inter-regional collaboration, setting the stage for a new era of global cooperation.

Strategic Framework and Range: The IMEC, which stretches from the vibrant marketplaces of India to the energy-rich centers of the Middle East and ends on the western coast of Europe, is a wonder of contemporary infrastructure and strategic design. The IMEC provides a glimmer of stability and shared prosperity in a time when international alliances are always shifting. Uniting countries like India, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Israel, and numerous European heavyweights, it is a monument of international collaboration. Every nation uses its special capabilities to contribute to this ambitious goal, resulting in a melting pot of inventions, economics, and cultures inside the IMEC. The IMEC is envisioned as a nexus for energy transfer, boasting integrated electricity grids and pioneering hydrogen pipelines, moving the region into a sustainable and interconnected future.

Economic Implications: The IMEC with its enormous potential for growth aims to transform trade among its member states by acting as a conduit for products, energy, and technology. It signifies a shift for India away from its historical reliance on commerce, opening up a wide range of prospects in industries including technology and energy. With its abundant energy sources, the Middle East sees in the IMEC a way to diversify its economy and lessen its over-reliance on oil. Europe, on the other hand, views China’s Belt and Road Initiative as a chance to expand economic lines and fortify relations with a democratic counterbalance.

Effects on the Global supplies Chain: The IMEC may have a significant effect on the chain of supplies worldwide. The corridor is expected to significantly lower transportation costs and guarantee on-time cargo delivery, strengthening the global supply chain, as stated by the Engineering Exports Promotion Council India (EEPC India). For industries like engineering exports, this may be a game-changer, increasing competitiveness globally.

The IMEC is a welcome cooperative story in an era of competitive diplomacy and geopolitical conflicts. It creates an atmosphere of respect and progress for all the countries involved by bringing together those with different political, cultural, and economic backgrounds. The corridor, which places a strong emphasis on shared growth and fair benefits, is expected to strengthen long-standing diplomatic connections and bring back memories of the friendship that once grew along the Silk Road.

Sustainability and the Future: The IMEC’s dedication to sustainability is one of its most notable qualities. The globe is facing the twin challenges of environmental preservation and economic growth at this critical moment. The IMEC’s focus on renewable energy, particularly its futuristic hydrogen pipelines, highlights its dedication to a sustainable future. Through its potential to facilitate clean electricity transfers between areas, the corridor is expected to be crucial to the worldwide shift towards sustainability.

The IMEC, emphasizing mutual respect, shared growth, and equitable benefits, is uniquely positioned to navigate these challenges. Instead of encouraging competitive rivalry, it offers a new paradigm for collaboration and shared goals.

With a new geopolitical age about to begin, the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor appears as a beacon of hope! The world waits in anxious anticipation as nations come together, paving new paths and creating hitherto unseen alliances, all part of a grand vision that promises to drastically alter the landscape of international trade and geopolitics.

Embracing Futuristic Farming: The Transformative Impact of PM Fasal Bima Yojana

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In the ever-evolving landscape of agriculture, technological advancements have become the cornerstone of sustainable growth and resilience. At the forefront of this transformation stands the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), a visionary initiative by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare aimed at empowering farmers and streamlining operations through cutting-edge technology. As we delve into the realm of futuristic farming, it’s imperative to explore the profound impact of PMFBY and its role in shaping the future of agriculture in India.

Technological Innovations: Pioneering Change

The recent launch event heralded a new era in crop insurance with the introduction of groundbreaking technological advancements. The YES-Tech Manual and WINDS Portal emerged as game-changers, revolutionizing the way crop insurance is administered and weather data is managed. The YES-Tech Manual, developed after rigorous testing, provides a comprehensive guide for accurate yield estimation at the Gram Panchayat level, ensuring precise assessments and efficient risk management. Complementing this, the WINDS Portal serves as a centralized platform for processing hyper-local weather data, enabling informed decision-making and enhanced disaster mitigation strategies.

Delinking Subsidies: Empowering Farmers

One of the most significant strides towards farmer empowerment is the delinking of subsidies, a groundbreaking step announced by the Minister of Agriculture. This move ensures that farmers receive claim payments independently, without being dependent on state actions, thus providing them with much-needed financial security and relief. By decoupling subsidies from bureaucratic processes, the government has streamlined the disbursement mechanism, fostering trust and reliability among farmers.

Cost-saving Measures: Driving Efficiency

The PMFBY’s impact transcends financial assistance, as evidenced by the substantial cost-saving of 11,000 crores. This reflects the effectiveness of new initiatives and underscores the government’s commitment to optimizing resources for farmers’ welfare. Furthermore, the reduction in premiums, from as high as 17%-18% to 8-9%, exemplifies the government’s dedication to crafting farmer-friendly policies and ensuring equitable access to crop insurance.


Transparency and Equity: Redefining Paradigms

The perception of excessive profits by insurance companies has been debunked, thanks to the transparent and equitable models recommended by the Centre and adopted by the States. Premium reductions are not confined to major states but are witnessed across all implementing states, with some even assuming full responsibility for farmer premiums. This shift towards a more transparent and equitable system fosters trust and accountability, laying the foundation for a resilient agricultural ecosystem.

Door-to-Door Enrolment: Enhancing Accessibility

The introduction of the AIDE app on the Android platform marks a paradigm shift in the enrolment process, bringing it directly to the doorstep of farmers. This door-to-door approach ensures a seamless and transparent process, making crop insurance more accessible and convenient for farmers. By leveraging technology to bridge the gap between farmers and insurance services, the PMFBY is democratizing access to financial protection and fostering inclusivity in the agricultural sector.

Adapting to Climate Change: A Call to Action

Amidst the technological advancements and policy reforms, the specter of climate change looms large over agriculture. Union Minister of Earth Sciences, Shri Kiren Rijiju, aptly emphasized the need to adapt agriculture to climate change through responsive scientific mechanisms. The shifting agricultural landscapes, exemplified by the migration of apple crops to higher altitudes, underscore the urgency of embracing sustainable practices and leveraging technology to mitigate climate risks.

Conclusion: Towards a Resilient Future

In conclusion, the PMFBY stands as a beacon of hope and progress in India’s agricultural journey. By embracing technological innovations, fostering transparency, and prioritizing farmer welfare, the scheme is laying the groundwork for a resilient and prosperous agricultural sector. As we embark on the path of futuristic farming, let us heed the call to action, harnessing the power of technology and collective effort to build a sustainable future for generations to come. The PMFBY is not merely a scheme but a testament to the government’s unwavering commitment to farmer empowerment and agricultural growth in India.

Decoding The Eastern Frontier Highway: Connecting & Securing The Borderlands

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Introduction:

In the backdrop of strained Indo-China relations, marked by the Doklam crisis and intense skirmishes in Ladakh, a remarkable shift in India’s approach has emerged. No longer a passive observer, India is taking bold steps to fortify its borders and strategic positions. This is especially evident in the construction in the Eastern Corridor of India’s Line of Actual Control (LAC), of the Arunachal Frontier Highway, a colossal infrastructure project unfolding in the northeastern state of Arunachal Pradesh. This essay explores the historical context, the project’s intricacies, its strategic significance, and the geopolitical implications surrounding India’s ambitious initiative.

Background:

The years preceding and following 2020 have showcased a significant shift from India’s historical stance of maintaining a defensive position along its borders. Particularly in the Northeast, the fear of Chinese forces leveraging potential infrastructure in these states had kept India hesitant about proposals for construction for decades. This inertia persisted until a stark realisation dawned: China had been diligently advancing its infrastructure and military presence, even encroaching on Indian territory. The 2023 standard map of the People’s Republic of China shows an inalienable part of India, Arunachal Pradesh, as a part of Chinese territory in south Tibet, home to the People’s Liberation Army’s (PLA) Western Theatre Command.

Strategic Realignment:

Amid escalating tensions and China’s assertive actions, India awoke to the pressing need for a strategic shift back in 2014. The Arunachal Frontier Highway emerged as a response to this imperative, positioning itself just 20 km from the Line of Actual Control (LAC) and international borders. The magnitude of this project cannot be understated, stretching over 1,500 km, with an additional 1,000 km of planned roads and an estimated cost of Rs 40,000 crore, it stands as one of India’s most ambitious and challenging road construction projects.

Strategic Routes and Connectivity:

This “futuristic highway” follows the ‘India-Tibet-China-Myanmar’ border, the McMahon Line, weaving through challenging terrains and bringing connectivity to the remotest corners. Its proximity to the LAC adds a layer of complexity, considering China’s historical objections to the project dating back to 2014, when preliminary approvals were granted from the Prime Miniter’s Office. China’s opposition underscored its sensitivity to any actions that might complicate the border situation. Despite China’s objections and historical sensitivities, the Indian government, led by Kiren Rijiju, has displayed a decisive and forward-looking approach, championing the project in 2014.

Strategic Value and Geopolitical Dynamics:

The Frontier Highway isn’t merely a road, it’s a transformative agent with immense strategic value. Its completion will represent a major capability jump for the Indian military, facilitating seamless and rapid movement of both personnel and equipment to the border areas with an all-weather road adhering to the specifications of a trunk road in this challenging terrain. Chief Minister Pema Khandu aptly expressed its significance, stating that it would aid in “safeguarding the Indo-China-Myanmar border” and “controlling migration from border areas,” in a situation he has described as very different than 1962 for India. The Centre’s allocation for total highway projects in the Northeast, with Arunachal Pradesh receiving Rs 44,000 crore, underscores the government’s commitment to regional development.

The geopolitical implications are evident, especially against China’s substantial infrastructure buildup opposite Arunachal Pradesh. China’s border defence villages in Tibet and expansive infrastructure developments, including the Sichuan-Tibet rail line and highways on the Tibetan Plateau, have both economic and military significance. The ability to swiftly transport troops and equipment becomes a strategic advantage for China in potential conflict scenarios. Chinese President Xi Jinping’s inspection of the Nyingchi railway station during the Ladakh standoff underscores the link between infrastructure development and border stability. India’s response thus includes robust infrastructure development, particularly in Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim.

Infrastructure Drive and Collaborative Efforts:

The implementation of the Frontier Highway involves a collaborative effort between various agencies, including the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) and the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH). Construction activities are being executed in overlapping phases, targeting a gradual completion by March 2027. MoRTH has outlined a timeline, aiming to complete all necessary approvals and land acquisition processes by March 2025.

This collaborative approach reflects a holistic understanding of the project’s multifaceted significance. Beyond merely enhancing the mobility of the army’s capabilities to go from valley to valley, the Frontier Highway is a linchpin for the development of Arunachal Pradesh, even open it up for tourism, for example. Connecting critical centres such as Tawang, Mago, Upper Subansiri, Upper Siang, Mechuka, Tuting, Dibang Valley, Kibithoo, Changlang, and Dong, it opens pathways for both strategic and civilian access.

Economic and Developmental Impact:

The Frontier Highway holds immense promise for economic and developmental gains. As part of the broader infrastructure push, Arunachal Pradesh is set to have three national highways: the Frontier Highway, the East-West Industrial Corridor Highway, and the Trans-Arunachal Highway. Six interconnectivity corridors have been identified to link National Highway-15 in Assam to both the Trans-Arunachal Highway (NH-13) and the Frontier Highway (NH-913), demonstrating a comprehensive approach to regional development.

The Indian Government’s Vision and Response to China:

The Arunachal Frontier Highway aligns with a broader vision encapsulated in the Vibrant Villages Programme by the government. This programme, aimed at curbing migration from frontier villages, dovetails seamlessly into the objectives of the Frontier Highway, addressing both strategic and developmental imperatives.

Conclusion: The Arunachal Frontier Highway is not just a road; it is a testament to India’s resolve to shape its destiny in the face of evolving geopolitical challenges. The highway embodies a departure from historical inhibitions, a decisive stride into an era where passive observation is replaced by proactive border fortification. The collaborative efforts, comprehensive planning, and adherence to timelines demonstrate India’s commitment to transforming ambitious visions into tangible realities. As the Frontier Highway progresses towards completion, the challenge is more formidable than that faced by China across the border. However, India is also leveraging advanced equipment and technology, embracing progress in the 21st century. In a world marked by dynamic shifts, the Arunachal Frontier Highway stands tall as a symbol of resilience, foresight, and strategic prowess.

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